What the data says about immigrants in the U.S.
As of June 2025, the country’s foreign-born population had shrunk by more than a million people, marking its first decline since the 1960s.
Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World
Stephanie Kramer is a senior researcher at Pew Research Center specializing in religion. She is an expert in global religious demography and the psychology of religion. Kramer is an author of Pew Research Center reports such as The Changing Global Religious Landscape, Religion and Living Arrangements Around the World, Europe’s Growing Muslim Population, and The Age Gap in Religion Around the World, as well as scholarly articles. She earned doctoral and master’s degrees in social and personality psychology from the University of Oregon.
