{"id":27779,"date":"2024-01-18T14:04:07","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T19:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/"},"modified":"2024-10-23T17:02:24","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T21:02:24","slug":"appendix-a-national-identity-index","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix A: National identity index"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We created a scale to examine how the boundaries of national identity are viewed at a country level. The index combines responses for the four dimensions of national identity included in the survey: being born in the country, being able to speak the country\u2019s most common language, sharing the nation\u2019s customs and traditions, and being a member of the country\u2019s main religion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-34605\" href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/gap_2024-01-18_national-identity_a_01-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"dddfc7\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dddfc7;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_a_01.png?resize=480,1260 480w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_a_01.png?resize=620,1628 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"814\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_a_01.png?w=310\" alt=\"Stacked bar chart showing national identity index scores for 24 countries. Indonesia has the highest score, and Sweden has the lowest.\" class=\"wp-image-34605 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each dimension receives a score from 1 (indicating the respondent considers the dimension <em>not at all <\/em>important) to 4 (indicating the respondent considers it <em>very <\/em>important). The mean rating for all dimensions is taken for each respondent to create an index ranging from 1 to 4, where a higher score on the scale indicates that more dimensions are considered essential parts of national identity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Respondents were only asked about a subset of the dimensions in some countries, and the index scores are calculated using only the dimensions that were asked of the respondent. Those in Nigeria and South Africa were not asked about being able to speak the country\u2019s most common language, and those in Japan and South Korea were not asked about being a member of the country\u2019s predominant religion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Respondents in Nigeria were asked, separately, about the importance of being members of the country\u2019s two primary religions: Islam and Christianity. The index scores were calculated using the religion that received the highest score. For example, if a respondent felt it was somewhat important to be Muslim but not at all important to be Christian to be truly Nigerian, they would be coded as seeing religion as somewhat important for national identity based on their higher score for Islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Scores were only calculated for respondents who provided substantive answers to at least three dimensions of national identity. In countries where only three dimensions were measured, respondents who did not provide a response for all were excluded from the index. Our analysis reports the mean score for each country. The overall average for all valid responses is 2.97.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indonesia has the highest score on the index (3.72) and sees the greatest number of dimensions as important for belonging to the country. Most Indonesians say partaking in the country\u2019s traditions, being able to speak the country\u2019s primary language, having been born in the country and being part of the country\u2019s main religion are at least somewhat important for being a true national. Sweden sits on the other side of the spectrum with the lowest score on the index (2.37). Swedes are the least likely to consider having been born in the country or sharing the country\u2019s main religion as important aspects of their national identity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We created a scale to examine how the boundaries of national identity are viewed at a country level. The index combines responses for the four dimensions of national identity included in the survey: being born in the country, being able to speak the country\u2019s most common language, sharing the nation\u2019s customs and traditions, and being [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":648,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_api_pending":"","apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_hidden":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[132,131,26,395,144,160],"tags":[],"bylines":[738,633,601],"collection":[],"datasets":[2393],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[507,504,509,505,512,515],"research-teams":[525],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-27779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-immigration-language-adoption","category-integration_identity","category-international-affairs","category-international-political-values","category-racial-ethnic-identity","category-religious-identity-affiliation","bylines-christine-huang","bylines-laura-clancy","bylines-sarah-austin","datasets-spring-2023-survey-data","formats-report","regions-countries-asia-pacific","regions-countries-germany","regions-countries-mexico","regions-countries-multiple-regions-worldwide","regions-countries-north-america","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-global"],"label":false,"post_parent":27754,"word_count":439,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":34577,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_feature.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_feature.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"caption":"Tourists participate in a tea ceremony at a Japanese guesthouse. 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(Taiyou Nomachi\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false},"social":{"id":34577,"rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_feature.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_feature.png?w=1200&h=628&crop=1","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"Tourists participate in a tea ceremony at a Japanese guesthouse. (Taiyou Nomachi\/Getty Images)","chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":27754,"title":"Language and Traditions Are Considered Central to National Identity","slug":"language-and-traditions-are-considered-central-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/language-and-traditions-are-considered-central-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27749,"title":"1. Views on the importance of language to national identity","slug":"views-on-the-importance-of-language-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/views-on-the-importance-of-language-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27770,"title":"2. Views on the importance of customs and traditions to national identity","slug":"views-on-the-importance-of-customs-and-traditions-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/views-on-the-importance-of-customs-and-traditions-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27741,"title":"3. Views on the importance of birthplace to national identity","slug":"views-on-the-importance-of-birthplace-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/views-on-the-importance-of-birthplace-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27744,"title":"4. Views on the importance of religion to national identity","slug":"views-on-the-importance-of-religion-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/views-on-the-importance-of-religion-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27796,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/acknowledgments-national-identity\/","is_active":false},{"id":27779,"title":"Appendix A: National identity index","slug":"appendix-a-national-identity-index","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/","is_active":true},{"id":27788,"title":"Appendix B: Country-specific language","slug":"appendix-b-country-specific-language","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-b-country-specific-language\/","is_active":false},{"id":27905,"title":"Appendix C: Country-specific religion","slug":"appendix-c-country-specific-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-c-country-specific-religion\/","is_active":false},{"id":27764,"title":"Methodology","slug":"methodology-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/methodology-national-identity\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"_6w3guiex1","type":"report","attachmentId":53287,"url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_report.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"key":"_1hcrxfssp","type":"topline","attachmentId":53288,"url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/01\/gap_2024.01.18_national-identity_topline.pdf","label":"","icon":""},{"type":"dataset","id":2420,"label":"American Trends Panel Wave 124","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/american-trends-panel-wave-124\/"},{"type":"dataset","id":2393,"label":"Spring 2023 Survey Data","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/dataset\/spring-2023-survey-data\/"}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":27779,"title":"Appendix A: National identity index","slug":"appendix-a-national-identity-index","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},"next_post":{"id":27788,"title":"Appendix B: Country-specific language","slug":"appendix-b-country-specific-language","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-b-country-specific-language\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},"previous_post":{"id":27796,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/acknowledgments-national-identity\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},"pagination_items":[{"id":27754,"title":"Language and Traditions Are Considered Central to National Identity","slug":"language-and-traditions-are-considered-central-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/language-and-traditions-are-considered-central-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":27749,"title":"1. 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Views on the importance of religion to national identity","slug":"views-on-the-importance-of-religion-to-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/views-on-the-importance-of-religion-to-national-identity\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":27796,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/acknowledgments-national-identity\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},{"id":27779,"title":"Appendix A: National identity index","slug":"appendix-a-national-identity-index","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-a-national-identity-index\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},{"id":27788,"title":"Appendix B: Country-specific language","slug":"appendix-b-country-specific-language","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-b-country-specific-language\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},{"id":27905,"title":"Appendix C: Country-specific religion","slug":"appendix-c-country-specific-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/appendix-c-country-specific-religion\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9},{"id":27764,"title":"Methodology","slug":"methodology-national-identity","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2024\/01\/18\/methodology-national-identity\/","is_active":false,"page_num":10}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"Language and Traditions Are Considered Central to National Identity","parent_id":27754},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"Appendix A: National identity index","description":"We created a scale to examine how the boundaries of national identity are viewed at a country level. 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