{"id":312013,"date":"2026-06-10T14:02:57","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T18:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/?p=312013"},"modified":"2026-07-09T15:24:18","modified_gmt":"2026-07-09T19:24:18","slug":"how-voting-political-participation-and-news-sources-differ-across-political-typology-groups","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/politics\/2026\/06\/10\/how-voting-political-participation-and-news-sources-differ-across-political-typology-groups\/","title":{"rendered":"How voting, political participation and news sources differ across political typology groups"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
About this research<\/summary>\n

This Pew Research Center study goes beyond Americans\u2019 partisan attachments and vote choices to explore the values and attitudes that underlie the political landscape and the Republican and Democratic parties. We did this by creating a political typology, which classifies the public into nine groups based on their responses to 30 questions about government, economics, immigration, elected officials and other topics. To learn more about this project, jump to \u201cAbout the political typology<\/a>.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why did we do this?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Pew Research Center conducts research to help the public, media and decision-makers understand important topics. We have studied Americans\u2019 political values and attitudes, and their views on politics more broadly, for decades. This is the ninth version of the political typology<\/a>; the first was conducted nearly 40 years ago<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learn more about Pew Research Center<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How did we do this?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

We surveyed 10,357 U.S. adults from Nov. 17 to 30, 2025. Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center\u2019s American Trends Panel. The survey represents the views of the full U.S. adult population. We then used a statistical technique called cluster analysis to divide people into nine groups. (For more on the process of dividing people into groups and surveys used for analysis, jump to Appendix B<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here are the survey questions<\/a> used for this analysis, the detailed responses<\/a> and the survey methodology<\/a>.<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

Pew Research Center\u2019s political typology sorts Americans into nine groups based on their political values and attitudes. Some groups are very ideologically consistent and deeply partisan, while others represent different combinations of values and are more ideologically mixed. But the groups also vary in the relative importance they place on politics itself and the extent to which they participate in the political process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This analysis is part of Pew Research Center\u2019s 2026 Political Typology. To learn more about the typology, start with the overview<\/a><\/em>. To find which group is your best fit,\u00a0take the quiz<\/a>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is the political typology?<\/summary>\n

Pew Research Center\u2019s political typology divides the American public into nine political groups based on responses to 30 questions about people\u2019s social and political values and beliefs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The goal of this long-standing project is to go beyond partisan leanings or vote choices to provide a deeper understanding of the American political landscape. This is the ninth version of the political typology<\/a> \u2013 the first was conducted nearly 40 years ago.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

These questions were asked in a survey of 10,357 U.S. adults conducted Nov. 17-30, 2025, using Pew Research Center\u2019s American Trends Panel \u2013 a nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For more on the cluster analysis process used to create the groups, the questions used, and how we look at data across multiple surveys, visit Appendix B.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Take the typology quiz<\/a> to find out which political typology group you fit into.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

Who is most invested in election outcomes?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Some groups in the typology are mostly made up of people who almost always vote in federal elections, say that political outcomes really matter to them and regularly seek out news and information about politics. These groups are highly engaged in politics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Chart<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Other groups vote far less frequently and are far less likely to want to discuss politics or find political information. These groups have relatively low levels of political engagement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Generally, the groups at the farther ends of the political spectrum \u2013 those that are more ideologically consistent \u2013 have higher levels of political engagement than the groups that fall in the middle.<\/strong> This reflects a long-standing pattern in American politics<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consistent with that pattern, about eight-in-ten No Apologies Right<\/a> (83%) and Loyal Liberals (79%) turned out to vote in the 2024 presidential election. They were followed closely by Faith First Conservatives (75%) and Leftward Progressives (70%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pragmatic and Polite Right\u2019s 2024 turnout rate also surpassed the overall national turnout rate, but other more ideologically mixed groups participated at substantially lower rates. Tuned-Out Middle (a group largely defined by their low levels of interest in politics) were the least likely to vote in 2024 \u2013 just 32% turned out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is a similar pattern in the shares within each group who say it really matters which party wins control of Congress in the upcoming 2026 elections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talking about politics and views of politicians<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The most ideologically consistent groups are also the most likely to be interested in talking about politics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the engaged and ideological groups differ in their orientation to politics and politicians: Some of the most engaged groups are among the most idealistic about politics, while others are deeply cynical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interest in talking about politics<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

The typology groups at the farther ends of the political spectrum are much more likely to express interest in talking about politics than those that are more ideologically mixed \u2013 but that interest mostly extends to talking with people who share their political views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Chart<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Talking with people who share your views<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

About half of No Apologies Right (49%) say they would be extremely or very interested in talking about politics with someone who mostly shares their political views. More than four-in-ten Loyal Liberals (44%) say this, as do 39% of Leftward Progressives and 38% of Faith First Conservatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No more than 29% in any other group say they would be extremely or very interested in talking about politics with someone who shares their views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talking with people who have very different political views than you<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Yet when it comes to discussing politics with someone who has very different political views from their own, there is less distance between typology groups \u2013 and less interest across the board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In eight of the nine groups, no more than a quarter say they would be extremely or very interested in doing this. No Apologies Right stand out on this measure, with 34% saying they would be extremely or very interested in talking about politics with someone who has very different political views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Views about elected officials split both the left and the right<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Across the typology groups, engagement with politics doesn\u2019t neatly map to how the groups view elected officials. For instance, some groups are highly engaged and skeptical of politicians, while others are highly engaged and have more generous views of the motivations of elected officials. The combination of these views splits groups on both the left and the right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Chart<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
High participation, low skepticism<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Loyal Liberals \u2013 a high-engagement group \u2013 have greater confidence in the good intentions of people serving in elected office than most of the other typology groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The moderately engaged Pragmatic and Polite Right look similar to Loyal Liberals in this regard, with relatively positive evaluations of why elected officials run for office.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

High participation, high skepticism<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

By contrast, No Apologies Right are about as highly engaged as Loyal Liberals \u2013 but are more skeptical of politicians\u2019 motives. Faith First Conservatives and Leftward Progressives are slightly less engaged, though they still have relatively high levels of engagement \u2013 and they express a fair amount of political cynicism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Low participation, low skepticism<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Unconventional Right, Order and Opportunity Left and Tuned-Out Middle are groups with lower levels of engagement but relatively low levels of skepticism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Low participation, high skepticism<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Left-Out Left stand on their own as a group with both low engagement \u2013 they were among the lowest-turnout groups in the 2024 election \u2013 and a fair amount of skepticism of elected officials\u2019 motives. Left-Out Left are least likely to say that elected officials were motivated by the desire to serve or to address issues important to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typology groups use different sources for political news and information<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In addition to differing in levels of interest in political news and information, the typology groups express very different preferences for their news sources. In a March 2025 survey, Pew Research Center presented Americans<\/a> with a list of 30 different news outlets and asked them to identify those outlets from which they regularly receive news.<\/p>\n\n\n

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News source use varies widely across the political typology groups<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
% who say they regularly<\/strong> get news from each source<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n
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<\/td>Leftward Progressives<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Loyal Liberals<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Left-Out Left<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>Order and Opportunity Left<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Tuned-Out Middle<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Pragmatic and Polite Right<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>Unconventional Right<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>Faith First Conservatives<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>No Apologies Right<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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Fox News<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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The Joe Rogan Experience<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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Newsmax<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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CNN<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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NPR<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Chart\"<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\n
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The New York Times<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Note: Selected news outlets shown. For additional outlets asked about in the March 2025 survey, visit the detailed tables.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
Source: Surveys of U.S. adults conducted March 10-16 and Nov. 17-30, 2025. <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
PEW RESEARCH CENTER<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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Share this chart<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t