{"id":72280,"date":"2016-03-22T12:49:57","date_gmt":"2016-03-22T17:49:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/"},"modified":"2024-04-23T16:08:17","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T20:08:17","slug":"in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/","title":{"rendered":"6. In the U.S., religious commitment is high and the gender gap is wide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compared with some other economically advanced countries, <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2015\/03\/12\/how-do-americans-stand-out-from-the-rest-of-the-world\/\">religious commitment in the United States is exceptionally high<\/a>. When it comes to daily prayer, religion\u2019s importance in people\u2019s lives and weekly attendance at worship services, Americans of both genders display greater religious engagement than their counterparts in Canada, Germany, Australia, France and the United Kingdom, Pew Research Center data show.[28. numoffset=&#8221;28&#8243; Of the countries analyzed in this report, these five countries have the highest gross domestic product per capita after the United States, according to the International Monetary Fund\u2019s World Economic Outlook Database as of October 2015.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, 64% of American women and 47% of American men say they pray daily. Of the five other economically advanced countries analyzed, Canada comes closest to the United States on this measure; 30% of women and 28% of men in Canada say they pray daily. In France, by comparison, 15% of women and 9% of men report praying daily. Similar patterns are seen on the measures of religion\u2019s importance and attendance at worship services: American men and women both display higher levels on these measures than men and women in the five other countries.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The U.S. also stands out for having consistently wider gender gaps than any of the other five countries.[29. The estimate of the gender gap in the U.S. relies on data from Pew Research Center\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2015\/05\/12\/americas-changing-religious-landscape\/\">2014 U.S. Religious Landscape Study<\/a>. Percentages in the published 2014 Landscape Study may be slightly different from ones in this chapter because the former are based on the Landscape Study\u2019s full sample, which includes respondents who replied \u201cdon\u2019t know\u201d or declined to answer a question. Percentages in this chapter are based only on respondents who provided answers.]\u00a0In daily prayer, religion\u2019s importance and weekly attendance at worship services, American men and women differ <em>from each other<\/em> to a greater extent than men and women differ in Canada, Germany, Australia, France and the United Kingdom (see\u00a0below graphic).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Looking at daily prayer, for example, the 17-percentage-point gap between American women and men (64% vs. 47%) is nearly double the 9-point gap in the United Kingdom (23% vs. 14%), and it dwarfs the 2-point gap in Canada (30% vs. 28%).[30. Researchers found similarly large U.S. gender gaps in other Pew Research Center surveys, including the <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2013\/05\/report-religious-landscape-study-full.pdf\">2007 U.S. Religious Landscape Study<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/category\/datasets\/2011\/%22\">2011<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/global\/2015\/11\/18\/global-support-for-principle-of-free-expression-but-opposition-to-some-forms-of-speech\/\">2015<\/a> Global Attitudes surveys. Data from the 2014 General Social Survey, collected by NORC at the University of Chicago, also show similarly large gender gaps in the U.S. (23 percentage points on prayer, 7 percentage points on attendance; question on importance of religion was not asked).]\u00a0The measure on importance of religion displays a similar pattern. Fully 60% of American women say religion is very important in their lives, as do 47% of men, a 13-point difference. Meanwhile, in the United Kingdom, women and men differ on this measure by only 6 percentage points (24.7% vs. 18.3%); in Australia the gap is only 7\u00a0percentage points (21.3% vs. 14.7%). Gender differences on religion\u2019s importance are even smaller in Canada, France and Germany.[31. This section focuses on the absolute size of the gender gap (percentage-point difference between men and women). However, the patterns are somewhat different when focusing on the relative differences in the gender gap (the ratio of women\u2019s religious commitment to men\u2019s religious commitment). For details, see <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2016\/03\/Religion-and-Gender-APPENDIX-B.pdf\">Appendix B<\/a>.]<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/pf_2016-03-22_gender-0602\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-25366\"><img data-dominant-color=\"f4f3f2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f3f2;\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"(max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" class=\"wp-image-25366 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2016\/03\/PF_2016.03.22_gender-0602.png\" alt=\"United States more religious, has wider gender gaps than other developed nations\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A similar pattern is seen when differences between men and women in the United States on various measures of religious commitment are compared to <em>average<\/em> gender differences found in Pew Research Center surveys in up to 83 other countries. The U.S. gender gap is often larger than the average.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In daily prayer, for example, the 17-point gap between U.S. men and women far exceeds the average 7-point gap across 83 other countries. Similarly, the 13-point gender gap between American men and women in the importance of religion is considerably larger than the 5-point average gap across a similar number of countries. In both cases, the U.S. gender gap is not the largest of all countries, but it is above average.[32. Women are more likely than men to pray daily by 25 percentage points in Greece, 23 points in Chile and 19 points in Uruguay. And women are more likely than men to say religion is very important in their lives by 14 percentage points in Colombia, 15 points in Greece and 16 points in Argentina.]<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The United States has the largest Christian population in the world (more than 243 million as of 2010). On several measures, gender differences among U.S. Christians are either similar to or larger than the <em>average<\/em> differences among Christians in about 50 other countries.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, 50% of Christian women and 44% of Christian men in the United States say they attend worship services at least once a week. This 6-point gap is close to the average gap of 7 percentage points among Christians surveyed on this measure in 52 other countries. In the case of prayer, 75% of Christian women and 61% of Christian men in the United States say they pray daily. This 14-point gap is larger than the average gender gap of 10 percentage points among Christians surveyed in 53 other countries. Likewise, the 10-point gap between U.S. Christian women and men when it comes to importance of religion (73% vs. 63%) is larger than the average gender gap of 6 percentage points among Christians across the 53 other countries where data are available on this measure.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many countries outside the United States, the religiously unaffiliated share of the population is not large enough to garner a sufficient number of survey respondents (300) for reliable comparison between men and women. However, there are 13 countries with sufficiently large unaffiliated populations, including the United States, where such analysis is possible. Data from Pew Research Center surveys in these countries indicate that the gender gaps among unaffiliated Americans generally are larger than the overall averages from the 12 other countries.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, 26% of unaffiliated women and 15% of unaffiliated men in the United States say they pray daily, an 11-point difference. The average gap across the 12 other countries on this measure is 3 percentage points. Uruguay, however, has a larger gender gap than the United States on daily\u00a0prayer among its unaffiliated population: 14% of unaffiliated women and 2% of unaffiliated men in Uruguay report praying daily, a 12-point gap. When it comes to religion\u2019s importance, 15% of unaffiliated women and 12% of unaffiliated men in the United States say it is very important to them. This 3-point gap is slightly more than the average gap of 1 percentage point across 12 other countries.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the United States, 5% of unaffiliated women and 3% of unaffiliated men attend religious services weekly, a 2-point gap. The average gap across 10 countries is less than 1%.[33. Unaffiliated respondents were asked about attendance at worship services in only 10 of the 12 countries (besides the United States) where the unaffiliated sample size was large enough for analysis.]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Compared with some other economically advanced countries, religious commitment in the United States is exceptionally high. When it comes to daily prayer, religion\u2019s importance in people\u2019s lives and weekly attendance at worship services, Americans of both genders display greater religious engagement than their counterparts in Canada, Germany, Australia, France and the United Kingdom, Pew Research [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":367,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_api_pending":"","apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_hidden":false,"relatedPosts":[],"reportMaterials":[],"multiSectionReport":[],"package_parts__enabled":false,"package_parts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":false,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[161,255,30,387,172],"tags":[],"bylines":[],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"level_of_effort":[],"primary_audience":[],"information_type":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[458],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[],"research-teams":[517],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-72280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-beliefs-practices","category-gender-demographics","category-gender-lgbtq","category-gender-religion","category-religion-politics-1","formats-report","research-teams-religion"],"label":false,"post_parent":72258,"word_count":1120,"canonical_url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/","art_direction":{"A1":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=564&h=317&crop=1","width":564,"height":317,"chartArt":false},"A2":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"A3":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=194&h=110&crop=1","width":194,"height":110,"chartArt":false},"A4":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=268&h=151&crop=1","width":268,"height":151,"chartArt":false},"XL":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=640&h=320&crop=1","width":640,"height":320,"chartArt":false},"social":{"id":"84852","rawUrl":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png","url":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/PF_16.03.21_GenderReligionFeatureImage2.png?w=640&h=320&crop=1","width":640,"height":320,"chartArt":false}},"_embeds":[],"watchers":[],"table_of_contents":[{"id":72258,"title":"The Gender Gap in Religion Around the World","slug":"the-gender-gap-in-religion-around-the-world","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/the-gender-gap-in-religion-around-the-world\/","is_active":false},{"id":72061,"title":"1. Women more likely than men to affiliate with a religion","slug":"women-more-likely-than-men-to-affiliate-with-a-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-more-likely-than-men-to-affiliate-with-a-religion\/","is_active":false},{"id":72052,"title":"2. Gender differences in worship attendance vary across religious groups","slug":"gender-differences-in-worship-attendance-vary-across-religious-groups","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/gender-differences-in-worship-attendance-vary-across-religious-groups\/","is_active":false},{"id":72041,"title":"3. Women report praying daily at higher rates than men","slug":"women-report-praying-daily-at-higher-rates-than-men","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-report-praying-daily-at-higher-rates-than-men\/","is_active":false},{"id":72271,"title":"4. Religion is equally or more important to women than men in most countries","slug":"religion-is-equally-or-more-important-to-women-than-men-in-most-countries","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/religion-is-equally-or-more-important-to-women-than-men-in-most-countries\/","is_active":false},{"id":72291,"title":"5. Women and men about equally likely to believe in heaven, hell and angels","slug":"women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels\/","is_active":false},{"id":72280,"title":"6. In the U.S., religious commitment is high and the gender gap is wide","slug":"in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/","is_active":true},{"id":72081,"title":"7. Theories explaining gender differences in religion","slug":"theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion\/","is_active":false},{"id":72072,"title":"About this report","slug":"about-this-report-7","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/about-this-report-7\/","is_active":false},{"id":72089,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-4-5","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/acknowledgments-4-5\/","is_active":false},{"id":72096,"title":"Appendix A: Methodology","slug":"appendix-a-methodology-6","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/appendix-a-methodology-6\/","is_active":false}],"report_materials":[{"key":"121b174a-6504-4635-8e92-c6bac040f6d8","type":"report","url":"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2016\/03\/Religion-and-Gender-Full-Report.pdf","label":"","icon":"","attachmentId":84851},{"key":"6bd43624-b174-49a2-86c1-6ca73395992a","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2016\/03\/Religion-and-Gender-APPENDIX-B.pdf","label":"Appendix B (PDF): Tables showing absolute and relative gender gaps by country","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"key":"67db5b23-5a81-4cfe-8c24-81bfeea34be9","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2016\/03\/Religion-and-Gender-APPENDIX-C.pdf","label":"Appendix C (PDF): Sources","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""},{"key":"516e0371-9cfd-4dfc-81cd-effbf4deeb95","type":"link","url":"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2016\/03\/Religion-and-Gender-APPENDIX-D.pdf","label":"Appendix D (PDF): Question wording from each survey","icon":"supplemental","attachmentId":""}],"report_pagination":{"current_post":{"id":72280,"title":"6. In the U.S., religious commitment is high and the gender gap is wide","slug":"in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},"next_post":{"id":72081,"title":"7. Theories explaining gender differences in religion","slug":"theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},"previous_post":{"id":72291,"title":"5. Women and men about equally likely to believe in heaven, hell and angels","slug":"women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},"pagination_items":[{"id":72258,"title":"The Gender Gap in Religion Around the World","slug":"the-gender-gap-in-religion-around-the-world","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/the-gender-gap-in-religion-around-the-world\/","is_active":false,"page_num":1},{"id":72061,"title":"1. Women more likely than men to affiliate with a religion","slug":"women-more-likely-than-men-to-affiliate-with-a-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-more-likely-than-men-to-affiliate-with-a-religion\/","is_active":false,"page_num":2},{"id":72052,"title":"2. Gender differences in worship attendance vary across religious groups","slug":"gender-differences-in-worship-attendance-vary-across-religious-groups","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/gender-differences-in-worship-attendance-vary-across-religious-groups\/","is_active":false,"page_num":3},{"id":72041,"title":"3. Women report praying daily at higher rates than men","slug":"women-report-praying-daily-at-higher-rates-than-men","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-report-praying-daily-at-higher-rates-than-men\/","is_active":false,"page_num":4},{"id":72271,"title":"4. Religion is equally or more important to women than men in most countries","slug":"religion-is-equally-or-more-important-to-women-than-men-in-most-countries","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/religion-is-equally-or-more-important-to-women-than-men-in-most-countries\/","is_active":false,"page_num":5},{"id":72291,"title":"5. Women and men about equally likely to believe in heaven, hell and angels","slug":"women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/women-and-men-about-equally-likely-to-believe-in-heaven-hell-and-angels\/","is_active":false,"page_num":6},{"id":72280,"title":"6. In the U.S., religious commitment is high and the gender gap is wide","slug":"in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/in-the-u-s-religious-commitment-is-high-and-the-gender-gap-is-wide\/","is_active":true,"page_num":7},{"id":72081,"title":"7. Theories explaining gender differences in religion","slug":"theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/theories-explaining-gender-differences-in-religion\/","is_active":false,"page_num":8},{"id":72072,"title":"About this report","slug":"about-this-report-7","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/about-this-report-7\/","is_active":false,"page_num":9},{"id":72089,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"acknowledgments-4-5","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/acknowledgments-4-5\/","is_active":false,"page_num":10},{"id":72096,"title":"Appendix A: Methodology","slug":"appendix-a-methodology-6","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/religion\/2016\/03\/22\/appendix-a-methodology-6\/","is_active":false,"page_num":11}]},"parent_info":{"parent_title":"The Gender Gap in Religion Around the World","parent_id":72258},"materialsOrdered":[],"chaptersOrdered":[],"partsOrdered":[],"partsEnabled":false,"datacite_doi":"","prc_seo_data":{"title":"U.S. has high religious commitment, wide gender gap","description":"Compared with some other economically advanced countries, religious commitment in the United States is exceptionally high. 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