{"id":9198,"date":"2021-01-25T10:58:19","date_gmt":"2021-01-25T15:58:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/%year%\/%monthnum%\/%day%\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/"},"modified":"2024-04-13T23:43:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T04:43:49","slug":"for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic","status":"publish","type":"short-read","link":"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/","title":{"rendered":"For American couples, gender gaps in sharing household responsibilities persist amid pandemic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-640-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-15940\" href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/ft_21-01-25_couples_featured-image-jpg-2\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"88786d\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #88786d;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?resize=480,270 480w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?resize=782,440 782w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?resize=960,540 960w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?resize=1280,720 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"360\" width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/FT_21.01.25_Couples_Featured-image-jpg.webp?w=640\" alt=\"A man sits with a child on his lap while looking at a cellphone, and a woman also seated at the table checks her cellphone. (Getty Images)\" class=\"wp-image-15940 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><figcaption>(Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/topics\/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19\/\">COVID-19 pandemic<\/a> has changed nearly every aspect of American life, including <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/12\/09\/how-the-coronavirus-outbreak-has-and-hasnt-changed-the-way-americans-work\/\">how people work<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/10\/29\/most-parents-of-k-12-students-learning-online-worry-about-them-falling-behind\/\">get an education<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2020\/04\/30\/from-virtual-parties-to-ordering-food-how-americans-are-using-the-internet-during-covid-19\/\">connect with their family and friend networks<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/03\/21\/us\/coronavirus-no-fun-no-socializing.html\">fill their social calendars<\/a>. Despite quarantine orders that forced many people to stay home and spend more time with their families, a new Pew Research Center analysis of October 2020 survey data finds that many of the dynamics between couples haven\u2019t changed much during this turbulent time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the same time, there has been a change in how some parents <em>feel<\/em> about the amount of time they spend with their children. Specifically, fathers are now more likely to say they spend the right amount of time with their children than they were before the pandemic, when a majority said they spent too little time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n<div style=\"border-width:1px;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);--block-gap: inherit\" class=\"is-style-alternate wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color\" id=\"how-we-did-this\" data-wp-interactive=\"{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\\\/collapsible&quot;}\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"context.isOpen\" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view=\"callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView\"><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.onClick\"><div>How we did this<\/div><button class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon\"><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"context.isOpen\"><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-plus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><span data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!context.isOpen\" hidden><i class=\"icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus\"><svg style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em;\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/plugins\/prc-icon-library\/build\/icons\/sprites\/light.svg#circle-minus\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-prc-block-collapsible js-react-collapsible is-style-alternate\" data-title=\"How we did this\" data-style=\"is-style-alternate\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pew Research Center conducted this study to better understand how U.S. adults who are married or cohabiting assess their relationship with their spouse or partner amid the coronavirus outbreak and how the sharing of household responsibilities has (or has not) changed among couples from pre-pandemic times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This analysis examines married and cohabiting adults, and in some cases those who have children younger than 18 living in their household. It is based on three nationwide surveys conducted Oct. 13-19, 2020, among 10,332 U.S. adults; June 25-July 8, 2019, among 9,834 U.S. adults; and Aug. 8-Sept. 28, 2017, among 4,573 U.S. adults. Everyone who took part is (or was) a member of the Center\u2019s American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way, nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories. Read more about the <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/methods\/u-s-survey-research\/american-trends-panel\/\">ATP\u2019s methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here are <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/W77-Topline_Relationships_FINAL.pdf\">the questions used<\/a> for this report, along with responses, and <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/12\/09\/methodology-41\/\">its methodology<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-200-wide\"><a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/ft_2021-01-25_relationships_01\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_01.png?w=200\" alt=\"Couples are as satisfied with their relationships now as they were before the pandemic\" class=\"wp-image-383602\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among all married or cohabiting adults, 53% say things in their marriage or relationship currently are going very well, while an additional 37% say things are going fairly well. Roughly one-in-ten (9%) say their relationship is going not too or not at all well. These shares are virtually unchanged from a <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2019\/11\/06\/marriage-and-cohabitation-in-the-u-s\/\">Pew Research Center survey<\/a> conducted in 2019, well before the coronavirus outbreak started. Men remain somewhat more likely than women to rate their relationship positively. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While assessments of overall relationship satisfaction haven\u2019t changed among either men or women, men are more likely than they were before the pandemic to say they are satisfied with at least one aspect of their relationship with their spouse or partner: how household chores are divided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-310-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-15920\" href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/ft_2021-01-25_relationships_02-png\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d8e0de\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d8e0de;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_02.png?resize=480,1123 480w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_02.png?resize=620,1450 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"725\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_02.png?w=310\" alt=\"Satisfaction with some aspects of their relationships and family dynamics are up among men\" class=\"wp-image-15920 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2019, married and cohabiting men (49%) were more likely than their female counterparts (39%) to say they were very satisfied with the way household chores are divided between them and their spouse or partner. That gap has grown in 2020: As of October, 55% of men say they are very satisfied with this aspect of their relationship, compared with 38% of women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another area where gender patterns have shifted is in views about how well spouses or partners are balancing work and personal life. Among married or cohabiting adults with a working spouse or partner, men (48%) are more likely than women (40%) to be very satisfied with this aspect of their relationship.&nbsp; In 2019, men\u2019s and women\u2019s views on this did not differ significantly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As was the case in 2019, men are more likely than women to be satisfied with their spouse or partner\u2019s approach to parenting (57% of fathers vs. 41% of mothers are very satisfied) and with how well they and their partner communicate (47% of men say they are very satisfied compared with 40% of women).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-310-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-15916\" href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/ft_2021-01-25_relationships_03-png-2\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e6e7e6\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e6e7e6;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_03.png?resize=480,537 480w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_03.png?resize=620,694 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"347\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_03.png?w=310\" alt=\"Growing share of fathers say they spend the right amount of time with their kids\" class=\"wp-image-15916 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhaps the most notable change in attitudes about family dynamics is in fathers\u2019 assessments of the amount of time they spend with their children. As of October 2020, 46% of fathers report spending the right amount of time with their kids \u2013 a 10 percentage point increase from 2017. A similar share of fathers (48%) say they spend too little time with their kids, down significantly from 63% in 2017. Only 5% of dads say they spend too much time with their children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Women\u2019s views on this have not changed significantly. In the latest survey, 58% of mothers say they spend the right amount of time with their children, 28% say they spend too little time and 13% say they spend too much time with their children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-310-wide\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-15922\" href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2021\/01\/25\/for-american-couples-gender-gaps-in-sharing-household-responsibilities-persist-amid-pandemic\/ft_2021-01-25_relationships_04a-png-2\/\"><img data-dominant-color=\"ebedeb\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #ebedeb;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_04a.png?resize=480,1019 480w, https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_04a.png?resize=620,1316 620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 480px, (max-width: 782px) 782px, 640px\" height=\"658\" width=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/01\/ft_2021.01.25_relationships_04a.png?w=310\" alt=\"Men and women have different perceptions about who does more at home\" class=\"wp-image-15922 not-transparent\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Long-standing gender disparities in the household division of labor \u2013 which have been <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/short-reads\/2019\/09\/24\/among-u-s-couples-women-do-more-cooking-and-grocery-shopping-than-men\/\">well-documented<\/a> \u2013 have persisted during the pandemic. The survey finds that, across a range of activities, married or cohabiting men and women in opposite-sex relationships have different perspectives on who shoulders more of the burden. A majority of women (59%) say they do more household chores than their spouse or partner, while 6% say their spouse or partner does more. Among men, a plurality (46%) say these responsibilities are shared about equally, while 20% say they do more and 34% say their spouse or partner does more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The management of household finances is another area where perspectives differ significantly by gender. Some 47% of women say they do more of this than their spouse or partner, while 25% say their husband or partner does more. Men see things quite differently: 50% say they do more than their wife or partner in this area, while 23% say their spouse or partner does more than them. Gender differences in perceptions of how household chores and finances are divided <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2019\/11\/06\/how-married-and-cohabiting-adults-see-their-relationships\/\">were similar in 2019<\/a>, suggesting these dynamics have changed little during the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When it comes to child-rearing, women see themselves carrying a much heavier burden than their spouses or partners, while men are more likely than women to say responsibilities are evenly shared. About three-quarters (74%) of mothers say they do more to manage their children\u2019s schedules and activities than their spouse or partner; only 3% say their husband or partner does more of this. Roughly half (54%) of mothers say they do more than their spouse or partner to be an involved parent, while just 3% say their spouse or partner does more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most fathers (63%) say being an involved parent is shared about equally between them and their spouse or partner, compared with 43% of mothers who say the same. Similarly, fathers are more likely than mothers to say managing schedules and activities is evenly shared. Among women, perceptions about this haven\u2019t markedly changed over the past year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: Here are <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/W77-Topline_Relationships_FINAL.pdf\">the questions used<\/a> for this report, along with responses, and <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.pewresearch.org\/pewresearch-org\/social-trends\/2020\/12\/09\/methodology-41\/\">its methodology<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Among all married or cohabiting adults, 53% say things in their marriage or relationship currently are going very well.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":584,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"sub_headline":"","sub_title":"","_prc_public_revisions":[],"_ppp_expiration_hours":0,"_ppp_enabled":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","apple_news_api_created_at":"2021-01-25T18:37:13Z","apple_news_api_id":"642f8722-507a-400a-82cd-d1f416855b52","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2021-01-25T18:37:13Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AZC-HIlB6QAqCzdH0FoVbUg","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":false,"apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"apple_news_api_pending":"1713063434","relatedPosts":[],"datacite_doi":"","datacite_doi_citation":"","_prc_seo_qr_attachment_id":0,"spoken_article_player_enabled":true,"displayBylines":true,"footnotes":"","prc_watchers":[],"_prc_fork_parent":0,"_prc_fork_status":"","_prc_active_fork":0},"categories":[448,214,221],"bylines":[726],"collection":[],"datasets":[],"_post_visibility":[],"formats":[467],"_fund_pool":[],"languages":[],"regions-countries":[515],"research-teams":[519],"workflow-status":[],"class_list":["post-9198","short-read","type-short-read","status-publish","hentry","category-coronavirus-disease-covid-19","category-gender-roles","category-household-structure-family-roles","bylines-amanda-barroso","formats-short-read","regions-countries-united-states","research-teams-social-trends"],"label":"Short 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